Circuit making is one of the significant gateways in implementing electronics technology. The traditional printed circuit board (PCB) is an excellent advancement on hand-wired circuit boards. By making an electric circuit, a conductive path for the flow of current is established. Notwithstanding, electronics enthusiasts still encounter difficulties in the multiplicity implementation of components. Moreover, the frail complexity of PCB designing and manufacturing can result in failure issues. The main idea of this study is the use of Ink made of charcoal which is applicable only in paper can be a conductive path. By developing the idea, the researchers used graphite and carbon black found in waste dry cell batteries containing high conductive properties and adhesive properties, making the ink sticky to the desired platform. Through testing and observation, a mixture of 15ml (2×7.5ml) carbon black and graphite and 15ml of adhesive processed through EXAKT80E Machine (Mixture 2:2:0) is the most effective formula, garnering the most satisfying results among the other ratios. The acceptability rating of the proposed product was compared to the traditional one in terms of conductivity, adhesiveness, viscosity, and thermal resistivity. The Mixture 2:2:0 was tested in both direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC) applications including series and parallel circuits in prepared surfaces. Among the 5 mixtures, Mixture 2:2:0 shows a significant effective result.
Keywords: Alternative Circuit Platform, Carbon and Graphite, Carbon-ink conduction, Conduction Circuit making[1] Q. Wang, S. Zhang, G. Liu, T. Lin, and P. He, “The mixture of silver nanowires and nano silver-coated copper micronflakes for electrically conductive adhesives to achieve high electrical conductivity with low percolation threshold,” J. Alloys Compd., vol. 820, p. 153184, 2020.
[2] T. Geipel, M. Meinert, A. Kraft, and U. Eitner, “Optimization of electrically conductive adhesive bonds in photovoltaic modules,” IEEE J. Photovoltaics, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 1074–1081, 2018.
[3] M. A. Bhakare, P. H. Wadekar, R. V. Khose, M. P. Bondarde, and S. Some, “Eco-friendly biowaste-derived graphitic carbon as black pigment for conductive paint,” Prog. Org. Coatings, vol. 147, no. March, p. 105872, 2020.
[4] H. Shen, Y. Jin, Z. Zhao, Y. Sun, B. Huang, and J. Wang, “Preparation of graphite-based lead carbon cathode and its performance of batteries,” Micro Nano Lett., vol. 14, no. 8, pp. 915–918, 2019.
[5] D. Potphode and C. S. Sharma, “Pseudocapacitance induced candle soot derived carbon for high energy density electrochemical supercapacitors: Non-aqueous approach,” J. Energy Storage, vol. 27, no. June 2019, p. 101114, 2020.
[6] I. S. Filimonenkov, G. A. Tsirlina, and E. R. Savinova, “Conductive additives for oxide-based OER catalysts: A comparative RRDE study of carbon and silver in alkaline medium,” Electrochim. Acta, vol. 319, pp. 227–236, 2019.
[7] Y. Cai, X. Yao, X. Piao, Z. Zhang, E. Nie, and Z. Sun, “Inkjet printing of particle-free silver conductive ink with low sintering temperature on flexible substrates,” Chem. Phys. Lett., vol. 737, no. October, p. 136857, 2019.
[8] S. Reddy, X. Xu, T. Guo, R. Zhu, L. He, and S. Ramakrishana, “Allotropic carbon (graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide) based biomaterials for neural regeneration,” Curr. Opin. Biomed. Eng., vol. 6, pp. 120–129, 2018.
[9] S. Tian et al., “Graphitized electrospun carbon fibers with superior cyclability as a free-standing anode of potassium-ion batteries,” J. Power Sources, vol. 474, no. August, p. 228479, 2020.
[10] X. Han, M. Ouyang, and D. U. Sauer, “Electrochemical model based state estimation for lithium-ion batteries with adaptive unscented Kalman filter,” vol. 476, no. August, 2020.
[11] L. Liu, Z. Shen, X. Zhang, and H. Ma, “Highly conductive graphene/carbon black screen printing inks for flexible electronics,” J. Colloid Interface Sci., vol. 582, pp. 12–21, 2020.
[12] Y. M. Shulga et al., “Preparation of graphene oxide-humic acid composite-based ink for printing thin film electrodes for micro-supercapacitors,” J. Alloys Compd., vol. 730, pp. 88–95, 2018.
[13] Y. Mou, Y. Zhang, H. Cheng, Y. Peng, and M. Chen, “Fabrication of highly conductive and flexible printed electronics by low temperature sintering reactive silver ink,” Appl. Surf. Sci., vol. 459, no. July, pp. 249–256, 2018.
[14] S. H. Min et al., “Stretchable chipless RFID multi-strain sensors using direct printing of aerosolised nanocomposite,” Sensors Actuators, A Phys., vol. 313, p. 112224, 2020.
[15] W. Li et al., “The rise of conductive copper inks: challenges and perspectives,” Appl. Mater. Today, vol. 18, p. 100451, 2020.
[16] L. A. Pradela-Filho et al., “Glass varnish-based carbon conductive ink: A new way to produce disposable electrochemical sensors,” Sensors Actuators, B Chem., vol. 305, no. June 2019, p. 127433, 2020.
[17] A. Pajor-Świerzy, Y. Farraj, A. Kamyshny, and S. Magdassi, “Air stable copper-silver core-shell submicron particlesSynthesis and conductive ink formulation,” Colloids Surfaces A Physicochem. Eng. Asp., vol. 521, pp. 272–280, 2017.
[18] S. Y. Lee et al., “The development and investigation of highly stretchable conductive inks for 3-dimensional printed in-mold electronics,” Org. Electron., vol. 85, no. February, p. 105881, 2020.
[19] B. Lee, Y. Kim, S. Yang, I. Jeong, and J. Moon, “A low-cure temperature copper nano ink for highly conductive printed electrodes,” Curr. Appl. Phys., vol. 9, no. 2 SUPPL., pp. e157–e160, 2009.
[20] S. Ditalia Tchernij et al., “Electrical characterization of a graphite-diamond-graphite junction fabricated by MeV carbon implantation,” Diam. Relat. Mater., vol. 74, pp. 125–131, 2017.
[21] S. Lauguico et al., “A Fuzzy Logic-Based Stock Market Trading Algorithm Using Bollinger Bands,” 2019 IEEE 11th Int. Conf. Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Inf. Technol. Commun. Control. Environ. Manag. HNICEM 2019, pp. 2–7, 2019.
[22] S. C. Lauguico, R. S. Concepcion, D. D. MacAsaet, J. D. Alejandrino, A. A. Bandala, and E. P. Dadios, “Implementation of Inverse Kinematics for Crop-Harvesting Robotic Arm in Vertical Farming,” Proc. IEEE 2019 9th Int. Conf. Cybern. Intell. Syst. Robot. Autom. Mechatronics, CIS RAM 2019, pp. 298–303, 2019.
[23] M. T. T. Huynh et al., “Electrical property enhancement by controlled percolation structure of carbon black in polymerbased nanocomposites via nanosecond pulsed electric field,” Compos. Sci. Technol., vol. 154, pp. 165–174, 2018.
[24] T. Mondal, A. K. Bhowmick, R. Ghosal, and R. Mukhopadhyay, “Expanded graphite as an agent towards controlling the dispersion of carbon black in poly (styrene –co-butadiene) matrix: An effective strategy towards the development of high performance multifunctional composite,” Polymer (Guildf)., vol. 146, pp. 31–41, 2018.
[25] X. You et al., “Surface coarsening of carbon fiber/cyanate ester composite for adhesion improvement of electroless copper plating as conductive patterns,” Mater. Chem. Phys., vol. 255, no. August, p. 123597, 2020.
[26] J. D. Alejandrino, R. S. Concepcion, S. C. Laugico, E. T. Trinidad, and E. P. Dadios, “Feasibility of Television White Space Spectrum Technologies for Wide Range Wireless
Sensor Network: A survey,” 2019 IEEE 11th Int. Conf. Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Inf. Technol. Commun. Control. Environ. Manag. HNICEM 2019, pp. 2–7, 2019.
[27] J. M. Ladrido, J. Alejandrino, E. Trinidad, and L. Materum, “Comparative survey of signal processing and artificial intelligence based channel equalization techniques and technologies,” Int. J. Emerg. Trends Eng. Res., vol. 7, no. 9, pp. 311–322, 2019.