Gahum, Kahimtangan, kag Bugal”: Isang Alternatibong Pagbasa sa Maagang Kasaysayan ng Misyong Baptist sa Pilipinas, 1898-–1922 / Power, Social Mobility, and Pride: An Alternative Reading on the Early History of Baptist Mission in the Philippines, 1898–-1922

Article Details

Kristoffer R. Esquejo, kresquejo@up.edu.ph, University of the Philippines, Diliman

Journal: Malay
Volume 34 Issue 2 (Published: 2022-06-01)

Abstract

Layunin ng papel na ito na maghain ng isang bagong pagpapakahulugan hinggil sa pananaw ng mga Pilipinong Bisaya kung bakit nila tinanggap, niyakap, at itinaguyod ang pananampalatayang Baptist noong unang dalawang dekada ng ika-20 dantaon. Gamit ang “kaloobang-bayan” bilang alternatibong lente sa kasaysayan, makikitang umakma ang mga layunin ng itinaguyod na “Social Gospel” ng Misyong Baptist mula sa Estados Unidos sa tatlong halagahin ng lipunang Bisaya. Dahil sa mga ipinatayong iglesya, paaralan, at ospital sa Kanlurang Bisayas, partikular sa Iloilo at Capiz, unti-unting nakamtan ng mga katutubo ang “gahum” (kapangyarihan) na maaari pang maka-klasipika uri sa tatlong mag kakaugnay na mga larangan: “kinaadman” (kaalaman), “isug” (tapang), at “kusug” (lakas). Mula rito, nagbigay-daan ito sa “kahimtangan” (mataas na katayuang panlipunan) ng buhay bunga na rin ng pag-angat ng isang bagong uring panlipunan mula sa karukhaan. Napatunayan ito sa mga buhay at karera ng ilang piling pulitiko politiko at propesyonal propesyonal mula sa rehiyon bago at pagkatapos ng Ikalawang Digmaang Pandaigdig. Pagkalipas ng ilan pang dekada, tuluyang nagresulta ito sa “bugal” (pagmamalaki) kung kaya nanatiling tapat sa pananampalataya ang mga sumunod na henerasyon ng mga Pilipinong Baptist sa kabila ng katotohanang nakaangkla ang Misyong Baptist sa kolonyalismong Amerikano. This paper seeks to offer a new interpretation on the Filipino Visayans’s perspective as to why they accept, cherish, and propagate the Baptist faith during the first two decades of the 20th century. Using “kaloobang-bayan” (indigenous philosophy) as an alternative lens in history, it can be proven that Social Gospel as espoused by the Baptist Mission from the United States has fitted to the three Visayan social values. Through the churches, schools, and hospitals established in Western Visayas, particularly in Iloilo and Capiz, the Filipino Visayans attained “gahum” (power) as attested in three domains: “kinaadman” (knowledge), “isug” (courage and bravery), and “kusug” (strength). These led to “kahimtangan” (high social status) of life due to the rise of a new social class. This was proven in the lives and careers of selected politicians and professionals from this region before and after World War II. After several decades, it eventually transformed into “bugal” (sense of pride) which explains why the succeeding generations of Filipino Baptists remained loyal to the faith despite the fact that Baptist Mission was associated with American colonialism.

Keywords: ABMU, Kaloobang-bayan, Misyong Baptist, Pilipinong Bisaya, Social Gospel ABMU, Kaloobang-Bayanbayan, Baptist Mission, Filipino Visayan, Social Gospel

DOI: https://www.dlsu.edu.ph/wp-content/uploads/pdf/research/journals/malay/tomo-34/2/2-esquejo.pdf
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